Sugar
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Sugar is the generic named used to describe sweet-tasting compounds.
Sugar is both found in refined and processed forms (white sugar, cane sugar), and in various whole foods such as fruits.
Contents
Sugar and its different forms
The simple sugar forms are glucose, fructose and galactose. They're also called monosaccharides, because they're the most basic forms of sugar and cannot be further simplified.
Sucrose (white sugar), lactose (found in dairy milk), and maltose (found in grains) are disaccharides, because they're composed of two monosaccharides each--glucose + fructose, glucose + galactose, and glucose + glucose, respectively.